Directions:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblanks...

問題詳情：

Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Do you know how122．is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well, apparently it’s because we have mirror neurons （神經元）in our brains.

123．(put) simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that 124． we see someone else do something, our brains imitate it, whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about 125． we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes 126．(far)：mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.

Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. Recently, researchers  127．(find) that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that 128． they gave people sentences to listen to (for example: “The hand took hold of the ball”), the same mirror neurons were triggered 129． when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball).

Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully 130．(function). However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders．

Research does mirror that neurons seems to provide us with even more information concerning how humans behave and interact. Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent for neuroscience of what Einstein’s theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge 131．(cough) in the cinema when someone else does-well, perhaps you’ll understand why．

【回答】

122．it

123．Put

124．every time/each time

125．how

126．further

127．have found

128．if/when

129．as

130．functioning

131．to cough

【分析】

本文是一篇說明文。我們大腦中含有的神經元不僅讓我們跟著別人的動作做，它也為我們理解他人提供了生物學基礎。

122．考查it作形式主語。句意：你知道當你看到別人打哈欠，你自己也開始打哈欠是如何發生的嗎？這是一個賓語從句，從句部分又是一個主語從句，從句缺主語，且主語為when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too，應用it來代替。故填it。

123．考查過去分詞作狀語。句意：簡而言之，神經元的存在意味著，每次我們看到別人做一件事情，我們的大腦會模仿它，無論我們實際上有沒有進行這樣的動作。“put simply”意為“簡而言之”，是固定搭配，由於是道理被簡單地說，所以應使用過去分詞形式表達被動意義。故填Put。

124．考查狀語從句的連詞。句意同上。這是一個時間狀語從句。“每次”翻譯為“every time/each time”，引導時間狀語從句，故填every time/each time。

125．考查賓語從句。句意：這能夠很好地解釋我們如何學習笑、說話、走路、跳舞與運動。“This”指代的是上一句話，解釋的是我們學習的方式，故此處賓語從句填從屬連詞how。

126．考查副詞比較級。句意：但是這個想法可以解釋地更深遠：神經元不僅能解釋身體動作，它們還能告訴我們我們理解別人是有生理基礎的。從not only…but also…可知，這句話是遞進關係，所以是對神經元意義的進一步挖掘。且空格處單詞修飾動詞goes，所以用副詞的比較級形式。故填further。

127．考查現在完成時。句意：最近，研究者已經發現神經元與語言密切相關。由Recently可知，這句話使用現在完成時。主語researchers為名詞的複數形式，謂語動詞用複數形式。故填have found。

128．考查狀語從句連線詞。句意：一組研究者發現當（如果）他們給人們聽一些句子的時候，同樣的鏡面神經元被觸發，如同實際動作發生時一樣。由兩個括弧內的註釋可知，這是將兩種情形進行對比。所以空格處單詞與後半句中的when是並列關係，提出一個條件可以用時間狀語從句也可以用條件狀語從句，故填if/when。

129．考查定語從句。句意同上。the 與......一樣，是固定搭配，as翻譯為“如同”，引導定語從句，修飾the same mirror neurons，故填as。

130．考查現在進行時。句意：很多研究指出有社會行為問題的人的神經元沒有正常執行。這是一個定語從句，從句的主語mirror neurons與謂語動詞function之間是主動關係，故填functioning。

131．考查不定式做賓補。句意：下次在電*，當你看到別人咳嗽你也想咳嗽的時候，也許你就能理解為什麼了。“the urge to do sth.”為動詞短語，表示“做……的慾望”。故填to cough。

知識點：定語從句

題型：閱讀填空