“martingale”造句，怎麼用martingale造句

Empirical likelihood inference for nonparametric function of partial linear models under martingale difference sequenece

In this paper, we discuss the estimate of regression function in nonparametric regression model based on exponential integral martingale difference.

Under the condition of changing premium, the upbound of ruin probability was obtained by sub-martingale property.

This paper analyzes the binomial model of stock price movement, and on the basis of martingale theory discusses the pricing of path dependent options.

The basic theories of pricing interest rate derivatives include winner process, Ito process, martingale, differential equation as well as risk-neutral pricing, no-arbitrage principle and assets pricing theorem etc.

Application of martingale theory in enterprise investment decision making

Some Laws of Large Numbers for Sequences of NA and B-valued Quasi-martingale Difference;

The unique equivalent martingale measure of this model is found by using the Girsanov theorem.

With the martingale representation theorem and some conclusions for conditional expectation, the optimal strategies for optimal portfolio-consumption problem are derived.

And random walk model and downside martingale model are the extend of expected return model. For the market price's random walk must be in the efficient market, so we often take random walk model in the efficient market.

The stationary property, Markoy Property and martingale property of the optimal solution sets process are discussed.

By using the convergence theorem of martingale difference sequence, a class of strong limit theorem for the functional countable homgenous Markov chain is obtained.

Option pricing by the martingale measure method considering the price of stock dividends payment and a jump-diffusion process;

Mean-variance portfolio selection with random parameters:a martingale approach;