Rewardmethodsareaneverydayoccurrenceinourclassrooms.Mor...
問題詳情:
Reward methods are an everyday occurrence in our classrooms. More than ever, a great number of incentive(激勵)
programs have been created to help teachers manage behavior, and motivate learners. However, there is evidence that in the long run, reward systems don‘t work.
Many people believe that rewards can help students develop a reason to do better. However, this approach fails to
address why children are unable to be successful in the first place. When a student who dislikes math frequently behaves badly in class, a simple and easy way to deal with the behavior might be to offer him a reward for not misbehaving. Yet this would do nothing to solve his real problem—which is his attitude towards math.
On the other hand, rewards can‘t last forever. So what happens when they stop? Many experiments suggest once the rewards stop, people go back to behaving as they did before.
Some people might counter that. It may be true that students won’t positively work once we stop rewarding them, but at least they will have worked more than they otherwise would have! Unfortunately, there is another more surprising consequence of rewards that we need to consider: Rather than create motivation, they can actually decrease motivation.
In a classic study, some kindergarteners who enjoyed drawing with markers were observed in a classroom with different activities available. They were broken into two groups. Everyone in the first group was told that he or she could win an attractive certificate by drawing a picture with markers. Each was eager to get the certificate and drew a picture. Children in the second group were also encouraged to draw but didn‘t get a certificate. After a delay of about two weeks, when the markers again appeared in the classroom but no certificate was promised, the children in the first group used the markers about half as much as children in the second group. Apparently, rewards actually made them enjoy drawing less.
What we really want is for students to take responsibility for their own learning. When much of the focus is on performance outcome, it can stop the development of self-motivation. The ‘self-determination theory’ claims all human beings will succeed when our basic, inborn, and emotional needs are met. By providing appropriate support and opportunities, we can help to meet the needs of all students and therefore increase their motivation.
8. The author mainly argues that ________.
A. students should be responsible for their learning
B. incentive programs help to solve real problems
C. motivation plays an important role in learning
D. reward methods for students are ineffective
9. The underlined word “counter” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________.
A. suspect
B. oppose
C. detail
D. confirm
10. In Paragraph 5, the author uses the example to show that ________.
A. rewards keep interest
B. children enjoy awards
C. children are changeable
D. rewards reduce motivation
11. The author persuades readers to accept his argument mainly by ________.
A. questioning the results of classic studies
B. comparing strengths with weaknesses
C. pointing out the problems with reward systems
D. giving examples of badly-behaved students
【回答】
DBDC
知識點:閱讀理解
題型:閱讀理解
-
AnnaCraig,11,hasapaperdollcoveredwithstickers(標籤).Ea...
問題詳情: AnnaCraig,11,hasapaperdollcoveredwithstickers(標籤).Eachstickerislabeledwithawordsuchascreative,cheerful,smartorkind.“Wechoosestickersthatbestdescribeusandputthemonourdolls,"explainsAnna."Allthesewordsarewhatmakesmebeautiful!...
-
_______youeatthecorrectfoods_____beabletokeepfitandstay...
問題詳情:_______youeatthecorrectfoods_____beabletokeepfitandstayhealthy.A.Unless;willyou B.Unless;youwillC.Onlyif;youwill D.Onlyif;willyou【回答】D知識點:倒裝與省略題型:選擇題...
-
一部歐美資產階級*的紀錄片,介紹了各國通過立法手段來鞏固*成果,下列解說詞中說法錯誤的是A.英國頒佈了《權...
問題詳情:一部歐美資產階級*的紀錄片,介紹了各國通過立法手段來鞏固*成果,下列解說詞中說法錯誤的是A.英國頒佈了《權利法案》 B.美國*戰爭期間頒佈《*宣言》C.法國大*期間頒佈《*宣言》 D.美國南北戰爭期間頒佈《1787年憲法》【回答】D知...
-
閱讀下文,根據文中的情境,選出依序最合適填入*、乙的選項。(3分)清光四*,天空皎潔, * ,坐客無...
問題詳情:閱讀下文,根據文中的情境,選出依序最合適填入*、乙的選項。(3分)清光四*,天空皎潔, * ,坐客無不悄然!舍前有兩株梨樹,等到月升中天,清光從樹間篩灑而下, 乙 ,此時尤為幽絕。直到興闌人散,歸房就寢,月光仍然逼進窗來,助我淒涼。 ...
相關文章
- 完形填空MostofushavelearnedEnglishforseveralyears,sowecanre...
- MyparentsandtwoolderbrothersarrivedinQueensfromCubain19...
- Ad-makerschoosewordsandbrandnamesverycarefullyinordert...
- Mr.Black,We'reverygladlytohavereceivedyourmoneyandsomer...
- Herearetwolettersfromourreadersexpressingtheirconcernab...
- 語法填空Acouplehadbeenmarriedforover60years.Theysharedevery...
- —Don'tforgettocometoourschoolassembly(*)tomorrowmornin...
- Youmaybesurprisedtosee“makingsurechildrenneversuffer”as...
- 完型填空1970wasWorldConservation(保護)Year.Everyonemustknowth...
- Doyouneedfriends?I'msureyouransweris"Yes,ofcourse.Every...