(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)Wemaythinkwe'reaculturethatgetsridofourwornt...

問題詳情：

(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (裝置) well after they go out of style. That's bad news for the environment—and our wallets—as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.

To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life—from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box­set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e­readers showed up in 2007.

As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones. “The living­room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house，” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices—we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.

So what's the solution (解決方案)? The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on­demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.

篇章導讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章講述了新舊電子裝置的差別，舊電子裝置耗能高，不環保，所以作者主張使用新電子裝置。

13．What does the author think of new devices?

A．They are environment­friendly.

B．They are no better than the old.

C．They cost more to use at home. 

D．They go out of style quickly.

14．Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?

A．To reduce the cost of minerals.

B．To test the life cycle of a product.

C．To update consumers on new technology.

D．To find out electricity consumption of the devices.

15．Which of the following uses the least energy?

A．The box­set TV.                     B．The tablet.

C．The LCD TV.                         D．The desktop computer.

16．What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?

A．Stop using them.                    B．Take them apart.

C．Upgrade them.                       D．Recycle them.

【回答】

13.A　推理判斷題。根據第一段最後一句可知，使用舊的電子裝置對環境和我們的錢包都是壞訊息。這些過時的裝置做相同的事情要消耗比新裝置更多的能源。由此推知，作者認為新電子裝置環保、節能。故選A。

14.D　細節理解題。根據第二段第一句中的“To figure out how much power these devices are using, ...”可知，Babbitt的團隊研究的目的是為了弄清楚新舊電子裝置的耗能量。故選D。

15.B　推理判斷題。根據第三段最後一句和最後一段最後一句可知，平板電腦是耗能最少的電子裝置，可以降低44%的耗能。故選B。

16.A　推理判斷題。根據文章的整體內容可知，因為舊的電子裝置耗能高，不環保，所以作者建議停止使用舊的電子裝置。故選A。

知識點：科普環保類閱讀

題型：閱讀理解