Forthosewhocanstomachit,workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybem...

問題詳情：

For those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.

Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.

To find out, British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us. They tested the men’s fitness and resting metabolic (新陳代謝的) rates and took samples (樣品) of their blood and fat tissue.

Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists’ lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. Before one of these workouts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食). On the other occasion, they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.

Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men’s blood and fat tissue.

Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.

But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found. Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白質) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰島素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.

The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.

61. The underlined expression “stomach it” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “______”.

A. digest the meal easily                          B. manage without breakfast

C. decide wisely what to eat                       D. eat whatever is offered

62. Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment?

A. Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people.

B. Their lack of exercise led to overweight.

C. They could walk at an average speed.

D. They had slow metabolic rates.

63. What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise?

A. They successfully lost weight.                   B. They consumed a bit more calories.

C. They burned more fat on average.                D. They displayed higher insulin levels.

64. What could be learned from the research?

A. A workout after breakfast improves gene performances.

B. Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.

C. Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.

D. Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.

【回答】

61. B    62. A    63. B    64. D

【解析】

本文是說明文。文章介紹了一項研究，結果表明對於那些能忍受的人來說，不吃早餐鍛鍊可能對健康更有益。

【61題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據下文working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first可知，早餐前鍛鍊可能比先吃飯再鍛鍊對健康更有益，因此推斷這裡說的是那些不吃早飯先鍛鍊的人，因此推斷劃線詞與B項“不吃早飯能應付”意思相近。故選B。

【62題詳解】

細節理解題。根據第三段的They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are far better and worse, representative of those of most of us.可知，他們首先找到了10個超重的，不活躍但健康的年輕人，他們的生活方式可以說更好，也可以說更糟，代表了我們大多數人。因此可知，實驗時選擇的10個人的生活方式代表了普通人。故選A。

【63題詳解】

細節理解題。根據第六段的As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand. they burned slightly more calories(卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.可知，結果，他們空腹散步時燃燒的脂肪比他們首先吃東西時所燃燒的脂肪要多。 另一方面。平均而言，他們在早餐後鍛鍊時燃燒的卡路里略多於禁食後。因此可知，鍛鍊前吃早飯消耗更多一點的熱量。故選B。

【64題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據最後一段The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.可知，這些結果的暗示，為了從運動中獲得最大的健康益處，先不吃東西可能更明智。因此推斷早飯前的體育鍛煉對健康更有益。故選D。

知識點：健康保健類閱讀

題型：閱讀理解