(2017·黃山模擬)Whatdoyouusuallydotocomfortyourfriendswhe...

問題詳情：

    (2017·黃山模擬)What do you usually do to comfort your friends when they are feeling sad or depressed？You probably pat them on the back or shoulder，or maybe you give them a big，warm hug.

We used to think that knowing when and how to comfort others was an ability that only humans scientists have discovered that apes(猩猩)have this ability，too，according to a study published in the Journal of theProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.

Two researchers from Emory University in Atlanta，US，went to an Ape Protection Centre in Congo to study bonobos(倭黑猩猩)，which are closely related to humans.

The researchers analyzed the bonobos' reactions after more than 370 cases of stressful situations，such as fights and losing temper，and found that some bonobos rushed to hug those that were screaming after being attacked，just like humans would have done.

However，researchers noted that not all bonobos were capable of comforting the protection centre，many bonobos are orphans whose mothers were killed by were found to be more anxious in times of tension and have greater difficulty controlling their own emotions，making them worse at reaching out to help friends in need.

“Orphans，who have not had the benefit of a mother helping them handling their emotions，are much worse at comforting others，”Professor Frans de Waal，one of the researchers，told TheTelegraph.“Bonobos with moms were able to curb their negative emotional reactions more efore，they pay more attention to others.”

This pattern mirrors the way that human children have been found to e who seem more capable of handling their own emotions—for example，the ones who can calm themselves down more quickly after upsetting experiences—are usually better at expressing their concerns for others.

112．The 4th paragraph is mainly developed by________．

A．making comparisons

B．following time order

C．giving examples

D．presenting causes and effects

113．The underlined word“curb”in the 6th paragraph probably means“________”．

A．express                                                     B．observe

C．hide                                                          D．control

114．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Orphan bonobos never give a hand to friends.

B．There were 370 bonobos involved in the research.

C．Moms play a significant role in handling kids' emotions.

D．The ability to comfort others is unique to human beings.

115．What's the main purpose of this passage?

A．To provide better protection for Apes.

B．To inform readers of a new study.

C．To uncover the mystery of Apes.

D．To compare human behaviors with Apes'.

【回答】

112．A

113．D

114．C

115．B

【分析】

本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹的是科學家的一項新的研究發現。我們曾經認為知道何時以及如何安慰他人是隻有人類才具備的能力，但科學家們發現,猩猩也有這個能力。

112．推理判斷題。根據第四段The researchers analyzed the bonobos' reactions after more than 370 cases of stressful situations，such as fights and losing temper，and found that some bonobos rushed to hug those that were screaming after being attacked，just like humans would have done.研究人員分析了370多起類似打架和發脾氣等應*境後倭黑猩猩的反應，發現一些倭黑猩猩在受到攻擊後會衝過去擁抱那些尖叫的人，就像人類一樣。由此判斷出，第四段主要通過對比展開。故選A。

113．詞義猜測題。根據第六段的Orphans，who have not had the benefit of a mother helping them handling their emotions，are much worse at comforting others…可知，沒有母親幫助他們控制情緒的孤兒，在安慰他人方面會差得多……。由此可知，有母親的黑猩猩能夠抑制他們的負面情緒反應。由此可知，此處表示“控制”。故選D項。

114．細節理解題。根據第六段的Orphans，who have not had the benefit of a mother helping them handling their emotions，are much worse at comforting others…可知，沒有母親幫助他們控制情緒的孤兒，在安慰他人方面會差得多。可知母親在控制孩子情感方面起著重要的作用。故選C。

115．主旨大意題。我們曾經認為知道何時以及如何安慰他人是隻有人類才具備的能力。但科學家們發現,猩猩也有這個能力。所以第一、二段提出科學家的一項新的研究發現，後面的段落就圍繞這個話題展開，所以文章的主要目的就是告知這一發現。故選B。

知識點：其他

題型：閱讀理解